Raku is a traditional Japanese firing technique that originated in the 16th century, closely associated with the Zen Buddhist tea ceremony. Originally developed by the Raku family in Kyoto, this method emphasizes spontaneity, natural beauty, and the unique character of each piece.

In modern Western adaptations of Raku, pottery is removed from the kiln while still glowing hot—typically around 1850°F (1010°C). The red-hot pieces are then placed into containers filled with combustible materials such as sawdust, newspaper, or dried leaves. The intense heat ignites the materials, creating a reduction atmosphere that deprives the pottery of oxygen.

This rapid cooling and reduction process produces striking visual effects. Glazed areas often develop iridescent, metallic finishes—most commonly rich coppers—while unglazed sections absorb smoke, turning deep shades of black or charcoal gray. Since the outcome is influenced by variables like temperature, timing, and atmosphere, no two Raku pieces are ever exactly alike.

Raku’s dramatic process and unpredictable beauty continue to inspire ceramic artists today, offering a perfect balance of control and chaos that celebrates both tradition and innovation.